Erudiway

RN Nursing School · Med-Surg · 298 questions

Immune and Infectious Disorders practice questions

Every question below is free to read with its full rationale. For timed sets, the rest of the bank and progress tracking on Immune and Infectious Disorders, practise in the app.

Practise Immune and Infectious Disorders in the appAbout the RN Nursing School program →
  1. 1A nurse is reviewing the tacrolimus levels of a patient post renal transplant. The level is above the therapeutic range. What is the nurse's priority action?Answer →
  2. 2Which client exposure is most likely to require the nurse to have post-exposure prophylaxis if the client is HIV positive?Answer →
  3. 3A nurse is planning discharge to home for a client who has a high risk of developing sepsis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?Answer →
  4. 4A 54-year-old male is 3 days postoperative following a colon resection. The nurse has delegated to the assistive personnel (AP) to obtain morning vital signs. At 8:00 AM, the AP reports that the client's oral temperature is 101.8°F. Upon assessment, the nurse notes that the client is flushed and slightly diaphoretic. He appears lethargic, but responds to simple questions. His vital signs are now BP 92/42, HR 132, RR 28 and deep, and his temperature has risen to 102.6°F. Lungs are clear throughout. The surgical wound has a dressing that is moist with a moderate amount of purulent drainage. Five minutes later, the nurse contacts the surgeon to report the abnormal findings, who prescribes: A. Tylenol 650 mg PO prn q6h for a temperature above 101°F B. Blood cultures x 2, taken 5 minutes apart C. C&S of abdominal wound drainage D. Vancomycin 750 mg IVPB over 1 hour every 24 hours In what order will the nurse implement these interventions?Answer →
  5. 5A patient is prescribed corticosteroid therapy. What would be priority information for the nurse to give the patient who will be on long-term corticosteroid therapy?Answer →
  6. 6Which patient problems are most commonly encountered by the health care team in the emergency department? Select all that apply.Answer →
  7. 7A patient receiving IV vancomycin (Vancocin) complains of facial pruritus. Which action should the nurse implement to prevent pruritus associated with vancomycin?Answer →
  8. 8The nurse prepares to administer IV amphotericin B (Fungizone). What action should the nurse implement before administering this medication to prevent adverse effects of therapy?Answer →
  9. 9A patient is seen in the clinic for treatment of vaginitis caused by Candida albicans, known as a yeast infection. What are the expected signs and symptoms? Select all that apply.Answer →
  10. 10A nurse is educating a group of clients at a community health clinic about HIV testing. Which of the following populations should the nurse explain is at an increased risk for HIV infection?Answer →
  11. 11A patient with septic shock due to septicemia. Which of the following will be within the nurse's responsibilities? Select all that apply.Answer →
  12. 12A nurse is assisting with discharge of a client who is postoperative from a kidney transplant. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following is an indication of rejection?Answer →
  13. 13Which bacteria is responsible for the greatest number of illnesses and causes the greatest number of hospitalizations and deaths?Answer →
  14. 14A patient in septic shock is receiving several antibiotics and total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which patient assessment findings indicate a potentially lethal complication of the pharmacotherapy? (Select all that apply.)Answer →
  15. 15A patient who has had an intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) inserted in the right iliac artery contracts a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) infection in the intensive care unit. Which antibiotic indicated in the treatment of VRE is the poorest choice for use in this patient?Answer →
  16. 16Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is classified as a secondary immunodeficiency disorder. Which of the following statements best explains why HIV is considered a secondary immunodeficiency?Answer →
  17. 17A nurse in an outpatient clinic is planning intimate partner violence (IPV) screening for several clients during today's visits. Based on current evidence, which client is at highest risk for IPV and should be screened?Answer →
  18. 18Which finding indicates HIV has progressed to AIDS?Answer →
  19. 19A nurse on the general medical-surgical unit is caring for a client and assesses the following: Respiratory rate: 10 breaths/min Pulse: 136 beats/min Blood pressure: 92/78 mm Hg Level of consciousness; responds to voice Temperature: 101.5° F (38.5° C) Urine output for the last 2 hours: 40 mL/hr. What action by the nurse is the priority?Answer →
  20. 20A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse's priority?Answer →
  21. 21The nurse is assessing a client who is in shock. Which of the following findings would indicate to the nurse that the client is entering an irreversible stage?Answer →
  22. 22A client is being treated for bites suffered during an assault. After the bites have been examined and documented by a forensic examiner, the nurse should perform what action?Answer →
  23. 23A nurse is teaching a client who has herpes simplex virus type 2 about disease transmission. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?Answer →
  24. 24A 35-year-old male patient entered the emergency room complaining of burning when urinating and admits to "having unprotected sex recently". The nurse's assessment reveals general lymphedema, sores in the mouth and swollen lymph glands. A Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) panel was ordered and came back positive for Chlamydia. What instructions should the nurse include in discharge education?Answer →
  25. 25When assessing a client who has been admitted for suspected sepsis, which finding does the nurse identify as the earliest sign?Answer →
  26. 26Which of the following conditions is an example of a food intolerance?Answer →
  27. 27Which intervention is critical in the care of a client with Sjogren's Syndrome?Answer →
  28. 28A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a liver transplant and weighs 65 kg. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?Answer →
  29. 29How does penicillin work to destroy bacteria?Answer →
  30. 30A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about reportable communicable diseases. Which of the following diseases should the nurse include in the teaching?Answer →
  31. 31A patient presents to the ED with angioedema and visible tongue swelling but oxygen saturation remains stable. What is the nurse's priority action?Answer →
  32. 32A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled for a kidney transplantation. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?Answer →
  33. 33A client develops an anaphylactic reaction after receiving morphine. The nurse would take which actions? Select 3 optionsAnswer →
  34. 34The nurse is caring for a client with advanced HIV. Which precaution is NOT necessary?Answer →
  35. 35A nurse is caring for a patient who recently started on an ACE inhibitor for hypertension. The patient reports swelling of the tongue and difficulty swallowing Vital signs reveal a blood pressure of 88/54 mm Hg. Which nursing action is the priority based on the signs and symptoms manifested?Answer →
  36. 36A nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection (STI) who expresses feelings of shame and fear about disclosing their condition to a partner. Which nursing intervention best supports the client's psychosocial integrity?Answer →
  37. 37A 39-year-old client is admitted with a severely abscessed tooth. The nurse assess vital signs of BP 92/44, HR 134, RR 26, SP02 90% on room air, temperature 38.9°C. What is the priority nursing intervention?Answer →
  38. 38The nurse is caring for a client with severe bleeding from a wound. Which of the following intravenous solutions would the client most likely receive initially?Answer →
  39. 39A nurse is providing care to a client who is experiencing wheezing after receiving an antibiotic 20 min ago. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to monitor for?Answer →
  40. 40A client has sustained multiple injuries from a gunshot wound while hunting in cold winter weather. The client has waited several hours for rescue and is transported in a helicopter to the emergency department. The nurse recognizes what additional factors are associated with increased mortality for this client?Answer →
  41. 41A client presents with positive ANA, rash, joint pain, and kidney involvement. Which autoimmune condition should the nurse suspect?Answer →
  42. 42A patient with HIV has a CD4 count of 90 cells/mm³. Which preventive measure is most critical?Answer →
  43. 43A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client for suspected cocaine intoxication. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?Answer →
  44. 44A client receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN) via a central venous catheter develops fever, chills, and redness at the insertion site. Which complication does the nurse suspect?Answer →
  45. 45A nurse received handoff report on four clients. Which client should the nurse recognize as being at risk for metabolic acidosis?Answer →
  46. 46A patient with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) has a CD4 count of 180 cells/mm². Which prophylactic therapy is priority?Answer →
  47. 47What contributes to the increased infection risk in clients receiving immunosuppressive therapies?Answer →
  48. 48The nurse is assigned four clients. Which client requires immediate assessment?Answer →
  49. 49A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client diagnosed with gonorrhea. The nurse knows which of the following will be included in their plan of care?Answer →
  50. 50A nurse manager is evaluating a quality improvement initiative for reducing health care-associated infections. Which of the following findings indicate the initiative is effective?Answer →
  51. 51With whom should a nurse should share her password for access to the facility's computer system?Answer →
  52. 52Which of the following best describes anaphylaxis?Answer →
  53. 53Which test provides the most specific marker for lupus activity affecting the kidneys in a transplant recipient?Answer →
  54. 54The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus located in her incision. What transmission-based precaution will the nurse implement for the client?Answer →
  55. 55A patient who has been involved in a motor vehicle crash is admitted to the emergency department (ED) with cool, clammy skin; tachycardia; and hypotension. Which of these prescribed interventions should the nurse implement first?Answer →
  56. 56Which of the following should a nurse prioritize when assessing a client for suicide risk?Answer →
  57. 57The nurse is caring for an 87-year-old client who is admitted with manifestations of shock. Which of the following findings would the nurse identify as characteristics of older adults with shock? Select all that applyAnswer →
  58. 58The nurse is caring for a client who was camping overnight. The client is vomiting and has severe pain in the left foot. Blood pressure is 90/60, and the left lower leg is swollen and red. For which condition will the nurse assess as the priority?Answer →
  59. 59The nurse observes that the client's central venous catheter insertion site is red and tender to touch. The client's temperature is 101.8°F. What should the nurse plan to do?Answer →
  60. 60The nurse is reviewing objective data from a new client. Which of the following standards of transplant nursing practice is the nurse primarily performing?Answer →
  61. 61A female patient has AIDS and is experiencing a superinfection of oral and esophageal candidiasis, and carcinoma of the cervix. Which intervention is the nurse's priority?Answer →
  62. 62A public health nurse is assessing an older adult client who lives with a family member. The nurse identifies several bruises in various stages of healing. The client and family member explain that the bruises are a result of clumsiness. However, based on the distribution of the bruises, the nurse suspects abuse. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?Answer →
  63. 63A nurse working in the intensive care unit (ICU) is caring for a patient in refractory stage of shock. When planning care, which does the nurse anticipate?Answer →
  64. 64A male patient who abuses alcohol tells the nurse that he is treating himself with kava. Which instruction should the nurse include in patient teaching?Answer →
  65. 65A client with tight skin, reflux, and Raynaud's phenomenon is being evaluated. Which systemic complication should the nurse monitor closely in this client?Answer →
  66. 66Which complication is associated with prolonged antibiotic use in an immunocompromised client?Answer →
  67. 67A nurse is providing education to a patient starting PrEP (tenofovir/emtricitabine). Which statement should be included?Answer →
  68. 68A patient previously exposed to anthrax starts to feel slightly better after 3 days of mild prodromal symptoms. Suddenly, he develops dyspnea, stridor, high fever, and cyanosis. What is the nurse's priority action?Answer →
  69. 69A nurse is educating a patient with HIV about preventing transmission. Which statement indicates understanding?Answer →
  70. 70A nurse is preparing to administer a Moderna COVID-19 booster vaccine to a patient. Which action demonstrates correct nursing considerations based on current recommendations?Answer →
  71. 71A 72-year-old patient with urosepsis becomes acutely restless and confused. Vital signs are temperature 39.1°C, heart rate 122/min, respiratory rate 28/min, blood pressure 92/54 mm Hg, and oxygen saturation 93% on 2 L nasal cannula. Which nursing action is the priority?Answer →
  72. 72The nurse is caring for a client who is being admitted to the emergency department with a body temperature of 105.2°F (40.7°C). Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?Answer →
  73. 73Which symptom is NOT commonly associated with acute HIV infection?Answer →
  74. 74A nurse is assessing a client with a Stage 4 pressure injury over the sacrum. The wound shows exposed bone, purulent drainage, and a foul odor. The client's temperature is 101.8°F (38.8°C), and their heart rate is 112/min. The client reports increasing pain at the wound site. Based on these findings, which complication is the nurse most concerned about?Answer →
  75. 75A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for erythromycin. Which of the following information should the nurse include?Answer →
  76. 76An immunocompromised client is being treated in the hospital. The nurse's assessment reveals that the client's submandibular lymph nodes are swollen, a finding that represents a change from the previous day. What is the nurse's priority action?Answer →
  77. 77What does the term "atopic" refer to in the context of allergic conditions?Answer →
  78. 78A client at the urgent care reports being stung, but not seeing the stinging insect. The electronic health record indicates a history of allergies to bee stings. What is the appropriate nursing action?Answer →
  79. 79A school nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of teenage clients about prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which of the following practices is the most effective form of protection to include in the teaching?Answer →
  80. 80When assessing and providing care for a patient who has been sexually assaulted the nurse's main focus should center around several key management and treatment goals to ensure the patient's physical, emotional, and psychological well-being, as well as the preservation of evidence for legal purposes. Which goal would be inappropriate for the nurse to include in the patient care plan?Answer →
  81. 81What should the nurse use to help prevent ototoxicity in a patient receiving gentamicin (Garamycin)? (Select all that apply.)Answer →
  82. 82The nurse is caring for a patient in the initial stage of hypovolemic shock. What assessment data will the nurse anticipate?Answer →
  83. 83A nurse is educating a client about preventing sexually transmitted infections. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education about human papillomavirus infection (HPV)?Answer →
  84. 84During unprotected sex, a 17-year-old female high school senior has been exposed to the human papillomavirus (HPV). The school nurse would recognize that the student is at risk of developing which diagnosis?Answer →
  85. 85Which clinical feature would make the nurse suspect an opportunistic infection affecting a client with HIV?Answer →
  86. 86A nurse is caring for a client in the ICU who developed hypovolemic shock due to severe gastrointestinal bleeding. Despite rapid infusion of isotonic crystalloids, the client's blood pressure remains low, heart rate is elevated at 140 beats/min, and urine output is less than 10 mL/hr. Lab results indicate a hematocrit of 22% and serum lactate of 6 mmol/L. The nurse notes cool, clammy skin and altered mental status. What is the priority nursing action to improve the client's tissue perfusion?Answer →
  87. 87A patient with HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) has a CD4 count of 180 cells/mm³. Which prophylactic therapy is priority?Answer →
  88. 88A nurse is caring for a pregnant client with HIV. Which statement is incorrect?Answer →
  89. 89The nurse is performing triage after a mass shooting in a shopping mall. To which client does the nurse assign a black tag?Answer →
  90. 90A patient who has herpes genitalis receives a prescription for acyclovir (Zovirax). Which criterion should the nurse use to determine whether the antiviral therapy is effective?Answer →
  91. 91The nurse is concerned that a patient taking IV vancomycin (Vancocin) complains of ringing in the ears, because it may indicate what?Answer →
  92. 92Based on the client's medical history and diagnostic results, which findings require follow-up by the nurse? Click to highlight the findings that require follow-up.Answer →
  93. 93A child at day camp arrives to the nurse exhibiting stridor, hypotension, and hives following a bee sting. What is the priority action?Answer →
  94. 94Which precaution should the nurse implement for self-protection when a patient who has herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) needs to receive acyclovir (Zovirax)?Answer →
  95. 95The nurse is caring for a client with hypovolemic shock. Which new assessment finding indicates to the nurse that interventions are currently effective?Answer →
  96. 96A lupus patient on long-term corticosteroids presents with fever. What is the primary concern?Answer →
  97. 97Why are CD4+ T cells crucial in managing HIV infection?Answer →
  98. 98Which of the following clients should the nurse assign a red tag during disaster triage?Answer →
  99. 99The nurse receives phone calls from four clients. Which call should be returned FIRST?Answer →
  100. 100A patient develops sudden wheezing, stridor, hypotension, and urticaria within minutes of receiving intravenous penicillin. Which nursing action should occur first?Answer →
  101. 101For each client reaction listed below, indicate whether the reaction is consistent with Type I hypersensitivity, Type II hypersensitivity, or both. Each reaction may be associated with more than one hypersensitivity type. Note: Each category must have at least one response option selected.Answer →
  102. 102A 4-year-old child presents to a pediatrician with recurrent bacterial infections, including pneumonia, sinusitis, and otitis media. The child has also experienced poor growth and frequent diarrhea. The initial clinical presentation of this patient is most indicative of:Answer →
  103. 103A client presents to the urgent care center with fever, myalgia, cough, and fatigue and is diagnosed with influenza. The healthcare provider prescribes zanamivir. Which principle should the nurse prioritize when planning this client's care?Answer →
  104. 104A nurse is educating a client with a newly diagnosed severe ragweed allergy about what happens in the body during a repeat exposure. Which statement by the nurse accurately explains this immune response?Answer →
  105. 105A nurse is teaching a client who has genital herpes about physiologic effects of the infection. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the teaching has been effective?Answer →
  106. 106What is the priority?Answer →
  107. 107What is the priority nursing action?Answer →
  108. 108The nurse is providing community education about influenza vaccination. Which statement made by a participant indicates a need for further teaching?Answer →
  109. 109Which of the following are risk factors for infection in Ms. Claire's situation? (Select all that apply.)Answer →
  110. 110A lethargic client presents to the emergency department with symptoms indicative of sepsis, including fever, hypotension, and tachycardia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first to address the client's condition?Answer →
  111. 111A nurse is assessing a client for a suspected anaphylactic reaction following a CT scan with contrast media. For which of the following client findings should the nurse intervene first?Answer →
  112. 112What were methods of preserving food prior to technological advances and are still used today?Answer →
  113. 113Which of the following nursing interventions would be appropriate when caring for a client experiencing a panic attack?Answer →
  114. 114A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled for a kidney transplantation. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?Answer →
  115. 115Which assessment finding in a lupus patient requires immediate intervention?Answer →
  116. 116A patient has a serious intra-abdominal infection. Which antibiotic should the nurse administer to this patient as empiric therapy?Answer →
  117. 117A patient with septic shock due to septicemia. Which of the following will be within the nurse's responsibilities? Select all that apply.Answer →
  118. 118A nurse is caring for a pregnant client with active genital herpes and is in labor almost ready for delivery. The teaching plan for this client should include which of the following information.Answer →
  119. 119A client who has recently undergone a kidney transplant is prescribed cyclosporine. Which action should the nurse prioritize to prevent potential toxicity?Answer →
  120. 120A client with a shellfish allergy presents to the emergency department with anaphylaxis and hypotension after eating lunch at a restaurant. After administering epinephrine and oxygen, the client remains hypotensive. What action should the nurse prioritize?Answer →
  121. 121Which assessment finding in a lupus patient requires immediate intervention?Answer →
  122. 122The emergency room nurse is caring for a client admitted from the penitentiary. What concepts will the nurse prioritize? Select all that applyAnswer →
  123. 123Which patient with SLE should the nurse assess first?Answer →
  124. 124A nurse caring for a client who has an infected wound removes a dressing saturated with blood and purulent drainage. How should the nurse dispose of the dressing material?Answer →
  125. 125A nurse is assisting with community needs analyses of four counties regarding physical access to quality health care. The nurse should focus on interventions for which of the following groups?Answer →
  126. 126What is the primary mechanism underlying the pathophysiology of a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction?Answer →
  127. 127Which of the following is a normal physiologic condition that can cause a secondary immunodeficiency?Answer →
  128. 128Which of the following are clinical manifestations associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Select all that applyAnswer →
  129. 129A client with septic shock has the following vital signs: BP 70/46, P 136, RR 32, T 104 F and blood glucose of 246. All of the following interventions have been ordered. Which intervention should the nurse implement first?Answer →
  130. 130A nurse is assessing a client who is taking the first dose of antibiotic therapy to treat an infection. The nurse should recognize which of the following findings is a manifestation of an allergic reaction to the medication?Answer →
  131. 131A nurse is assessing a client suspected to be in the compensatory stage of shock. Which clinical finding should the nurse prioritize as indicative of this stage?Answer →
  132. 132A nurse is caring for a client who develops an acute anaphylactic reaction after receiving a medication. The client suddenly experiences difficulty breathing, hoarseness, and stridor. Which nursing action should the nurse perform first?Answer →
  133. 133The nurse evaluates the ability of a hepatitis B-positive mother to provide safe bottle feeding to her newborn during postpartum hospitalization. Which maternal action best exemplifies the mother's knowledge of potential disease transmission to the newborn?Answer →
  134. 134What is a form of sterilization using high temperatures for short periods of time, followed by chilling?Answer →
  135. 135A neonate born to a Rh-negative mother and a Rh-positive father is at risk for transient neonatal alloimmunity. Explain the mechanism underlying this phenomenon.Answer →
  136. 136A nurse in a health clinic is caring for a client diagnosed with HIV-1. Drag 1 condition and 1 client finding to fill in each blank in the following sentence: The client is at risk for developing [Finding] due to [Condition].Answer →
  137. 137When monitoring a client after a kidney transplant, which of the following findings would indicate a potential acute rejection of the transplant?Answer →
  138. 138Drag 1 condition and 1 client finding to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The client is at risk for developing blank1 due to blank2Answer →
  139. 139A nurse is providing teaching for a client who received a prescription for an epinephrine autoinjector to treat anaphylaxis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?Answer →
  140. 140A nurse is providing teaching for a client who received a prescription for an epinephrine autoinjector to treat anaphylaxis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?Answer →
  141. 141A nurse is administering an antibiotic infusion. Ten minutes into the infusion, the client reports pruritus and dyspnea. What action should the nurse take first?Answer →
  142. 142A client presents to the clinic with a skin rash, and the NP suspects it may be due to a hypersensitivity reaction. To differentiate between the rash of a Type I hypersensitivity reaction and a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction, what characteristic feature should the NP consider?Answer →
  143. 143A client in the intensive care unit is diagnosed with early-stage multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) following severe trauma. The nurse notes a mean arterial pressure (MAP) decrease of 12 mmHg from baseline, mild acidosis, and mild hyperkalemia in laboratory values. Which nursing intervention should be prioritized to prevent progression of MODS?Answer →
  144. 144A patient experiencing anaphylactic shock receives epinephrine but remains hypotensive. Blood pressure is: 82/50 mmHg. What is the next priority intervention?Answer →
  145. 145For each body system below, click to specify the potential nursing interventions that would be appropriate for the care of the client. Each body system may support more than one potential nursing intervention.Answer →
  146. 146In which autoimmune disease is a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction prominently involved?Answer →
  147. 147A patient experiencing anaphylactic shock receives epinephrine but remains hypotensive. Blood pressure is 82/50 mmHg. What is the next priority intervention?Answer →
  148. 148Which of these findings best indicates that fluid resuscitation for a client with hypovolemic shock has been successful?Answer →
  149. 149A nurse is caring for a client who is at risk for shock. Which of the following findings is the earliest indicator that this complication is developing?Answer →
  150. 150A nurse is teaching a group of assistive personnel about performing hand hygiene when caring for a client who has an immunodeficiency disorder. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?Answer →
  151. 151Review the electronic health record. Which information should the nurse include in the education for this client?Answer →
  152. 152The nurse reviews the reproductive and sexual assessments of several clients. What client should the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?Answer →
  153. 153During a night shift, a nurse notices subtle changes in a coworker's behavior, such as slurred speech, frequent unexplained absences, and impaired coordination. Based on these observations and institutional policy, which of the following actions should the nurse prioritize to ensure patient safety and support the coworker? (Select all that apply)Answer →
  154. 154The nurse is caring for a client who has been admitted for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. In the morning. the client tells the nurse that he experienced "night sweats and recently coughed up some blood." What is the nurse's most appropriate action?Answer →
  155. 155Which patient assessment findings are clinical indicators of a hypersensitivity reaction to penicillin? (Select all that apply.)Answer →
  156. 156Which of the following preventive strategies are effective for reducing the spread of hepatitis A, B, and C among clients? Select all that apply.Answer →
  157. 157A patient with SLE taking prednisone reports fever and productive cough. What is the priority nursing action?Answer →
  158. 158Which agent is the drug of choice for most infections caused by herpes simplex viruses and varicella-zoster virus?Answer →
  159. 159In which ways can foodborne illnesses be prevented? Select all that apply.Answer →
  160. 160During a home visit, the nurse observes new bruises on the upper arms of an older adult client. The caregiver reports "a fall yesterday," but the client says, "I don't remember falling." Which action should the nurse prioritize?Answer →
  161. 161A nurse in the emergency department is assessing a client who has internal injuries from a car crash. The client is disoriented to time and place, diaphoretic, and his lips are cyanotic. The nurse should anticipate which of the findings as an indication of hypovolemic shock?Answer →
  162. 162A nurse is educating adult patients on preventing the spread of influenza in a community setting. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply)Answer →
  163. 163The nurse is providing discharge education to a client with a latex allergy about foods that may trigger an allergic response. Which food(s) stated by the client indicate the teaching was effective? Select all that apply.Answer →
  164. 164Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.Answer →
  165. 165What interventions should be included in the management of a client showing early signs of sepsis in order to align with the Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines? Select all that apply.Answer →
  166. 166An oncology patient undergoing aggressive chemotherapy has an absolute neutrophil count critically low and a WBC of 3000. During morning rounds, the nurse notes a temperature of 38.1°C (100.6°F), blood pressure 92/58 mmHg, heart rate 112 bpm, and mild confusion. Which action is the nurse's priority?Answer →
  167. 167A client tells the home health nurse about being very health conscious and primarily buying groceries at health food stores and farmers' markets. It is most important for the nurse to provide the client with information related to the safety of which of the foods that the client might purchase?Answer →
  168. 168Before discharging a patient, who has been prescribed antiviral therapy, the nurse stresses the importance of adherence to therapy. What information should the nurse provide in patient teaching to support this instruction about antiviral therapy?Answer →
  169. 169For each body system below, click to specify the potential nursing interventions that would be appropriate for the care of the client. Each body system may support more than one potential nursing intervention.Answer →
  170. 170A nurse is planning care for a client who experienced an anaphylactic reaction. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the most important indication for a referral to an allergy specialist?Answer →
  171. 171A patient with HIV has a CD4 count of 90 cells/mm². Which preventive measure is most critical?Answer →
  172. 172A patient with SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) presents with new onset periorbital edema, hypertension, and reports urine that appears frothy. Urinalysis shows proteinuria. What is the nurse's priority action?Answer →
  173. 173A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of genital herpes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the need for further teaching?Answer →
  174. 174Drag from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing [blank1], 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition [blank2] and [blank3], and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress [blank4] and [blank5].Answer →
  175. 175A nurse on the general medical-surgical unit is caring for a client in shock and assesses the following: Respiratory rate: 10 breaths/min Pulse: 136 beats/min Blood pressure: 92/78 mm Hg Level of consciousness: responds to voice Temperature: 101.50 F (38.50 C) Urine output for the last 2 hours: 40 mL/hr. What action by the nurse is best?Answer →
  176. 176A patient is being discharged with a prescription for linezolid (Zyvox). To prevent serotonin syndrome, the nurse checks to ensure that the patient is not receiving which drug?Answer →
  177. 177The nurse is assessing a client who received epinephrine, an adrenergic drug, for the treatment of an allergic reaction. The nurse would expect to observe what effect of the drug?Answer →
  178. 178Which of the following is the nursing priority for a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE):Answer →
  179. 179A patient with lupus reports confusion and severe headache. What is the priority concern?Answer →
  180. 180A nurse manager is evaluating a quality improvement initiative for reducing health care-associated infections. Which of the following findings indicate the initiative is effective?Answer →
  181. 181A client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on immunosuppressants presents with fever and joint swelling. Which diagnostic test should be prioritized?Answer →
  182. 182Between which temperatures is considered the danger zone for bacterial growth?Answer →
  183. 183A patient with SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) presents with new onset periorbital edema, hypertension, and reports urine that appears frothy. Urinalysis shows proteinuria. What is the nurse's priority action?Answer →
  184. 184The paramedics bring a client who has suffered a sexual assault to the ED. What is important for the sexual assault nurse examiner to do when assessing a sexual assault victim?Answer →
  185. 185A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV and a CD4-T-cell count of 150/mm³. Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor the client for?Answer →
  186. 186A nurse is prioritizing care for several critically ill clients suspected of sepsis. Which of the following clinical findings warrant immediate nursing interventions? (Select all that apply.)Answer →
  187. 187A lupus patient on long-term corticosteroids presents with fever. What is the primary concern?Answer →
  188. 188The nurse is admitting a client who is suspected of having heat stroke. What assessment finding would be most consistent with this diagnosis?Answer →
  189. 189Which question should the nurse ask a client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in order to determine if the client is experiencing an impending disease exacerbation?Answer →
  190. 190The nurse is assessing a client with septic shock. What assessment data indicate a progression of shock? Select all that apply.Answer →
  191. 191A patient with lupus reports sharp chest pain worsened by inspiration and lying flat. Knowing the effect of the disorder what do you think is likely the cause?Answer →
  192. 192Which of the following client issues should the nurse assign a yellow tag?Answer →
  193. 193A client is diagnosed with Gonorrhea. Which assessment findings would the nurse consider as a potential medical emergency?Answer →
  194. 194What information is most important to give the patient who will be on long-term corticosteroid therapy?Answer →
  195. 195A nurse is planning discharge to home for a client who has a high risk of developing sepsis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?Answer →
  196. 196A transplant patient on immunosuppressants reports severe fatigue, edema, and dark urine. Which diagnostic test should the nurse prioritize?Answer →
  197. 197A nurse cares for a client with bacterial pharyngitis confirmed by rapid strep test. Which prescription should the nurse anticipate to treat the infection?Answer →
  198. 198Which over-the-counter (OTC) medication(s) should the nurse instruct patients to avoid while taking doxycycline (Doryx)? (Select all that apply.)Answer →
  199. 199A nurse is teaching a client about primary syphilis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?Answer →
  200. 200A transplant patient with a low CD4 count is at risk for pneumocystis pneumonia. Which is the best nursing action to reduce this risk?Answer →
  201. 201What lab value should a nurse prioritize when monitoring a transplant patient for early signs of infection?Answer →
  202. 202A nurse manager in a health clinic is discussing complications associated with sexually transmitted infections (STIs) with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements should be included in the discussion?Answer →
  203. 203A nurse is caring for a client receiving intravenous (IV) antibiotics via a primary line when the IV pump alarms. The client's arm is wrapped with gauze to prevent IV removal. What action should the nurse take?Answer →
  204. 204A male client comes into the clinic and is diagnosed with gonorrhea. Which symptom most likely prompted him to seek medical attention?Answer →
  205. 205Cyclosporine levels in a transplant patient are below the therapeutic range. What is the most likely clinical implication?Answer →
  206. 206An oncology patient undergoing aggressive chemotherapy has an absolute neutrophil count critically low and a WBC of 3000. During morning rounds, the nurse notes a temperature of 38.1°C (100.6°F), blood pressure 92/58 mmHg, heart rate 112 bpm, and mild confusion. Which action is the nurse's priority?Answer →
  207. 207Which intervention would be inappropriate in the management of a patient with Heat Stroke:Answer →
  208. 208A client on cyclosporine after kidney transplant is at risk for nephrotoxicity. Which laboratory value should the nurse prioritize for monitoring?Answer →
  209. 209A school nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of teenage clients about prevention of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Which of the following practices is the most effective form of protection to include in the teaching?Answer →
  210. 210The nurse is caring for a female client who has been seen at the ED multiple times recently for sexually transmitted infections and various physical concerns. When the client's boyfriend goes for coffee, what is the priority nursing action?Answer →
  211. 211Which assessment finding in a client in the refractory phase of shock requires immediate nursing intervention?Answer →
  212. 212When a client receives a local infiltration of lidocaine for a needle biopsy of the lung, the client complains of itching and feeling hot and lightheaded. The circulating nurse observes perspiration on the client's face, arms, and hands. Which action should the nurse implement first?Answer →
  213. 213A patient with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) has worsening neurological status, rising serum creatinine, and persistent hypotension despite initial fluid resuscitation. The nurse notes an increased SOFA score compared to earlier assessments. Which nursing action should be prioritized to best support this patient's organ perfusion and prevent further deterioration?Answer →
  214. 214When eating out, what is a way to protect yourself from foodborne illness?Answer →
  215. 215A nurse in an urgent care clinic is assessing a client who reports a sore throat, painful swallowing, and a temperature of 101.8°F (38.8°C). The tonsils are enlarged with white exudate, and anterior cervical lymph nodes are tender. Which action should the nurse take first?Answer →
  216. 216Primary goal of ART adherence in HIV?Answer →
  217. 217A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed tetracycline 2 grams daily PO in four divided doses every 6 hr. Available is tetracycline 250 mg capsules. How many capsules should the nurse administer per dose?Answer →
  218. 218A patient with septic shock has received 30 mL/kg of isotonic fluids. The nurse reviews the following data: blood pressure 88/50 mm Hg, heart rate 124/min, lactate 4.8 mmol/L, urine output 12 mL/hour, and new confusion. Which finding most strongly indicates persistent inadequate perfusion despite fluid resuscitation?Answer →
  219. 219What is the primary purpose of Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)?Answer →
  220. 220A nurse is teaching a client who has herpes simplex virus type 2 about disease transmission. Which of the following statements by the client indicates understanding of the teaching?Answer →
  221. 221Which patient with SLE should the nurse assess first?Answer →
  222. 222Is this statement true or false? Corrosive agents such as acids and alkaline cause destruction of tissues by contact. Do not induce vomiting with corrosive agents.Answer →
  223. 223A patient with advanced HIV develops white patches in the mouth that scrape off. What is the most likely diagnosis?Answer →
  224. 224Following management of a disaster, a patient care technician tells the nurse, "I keep seeing the faces of people that died when I close my eyes." What is the appropriate nursing response?Answer →
  225. 225A patient with pneumonia develops confusion, hypotension, tachycardia, and decreased urine output. What is the priority?Answer →
  226. 226A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine 30 mg IM stat to a client who is having an allergic reaction. Available is diphenhydramine 50 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)Answer →
  227. 227A patient with lupus reports sharp chest pain worsened by inspiration and lying flat. Knowing the effect of the disorder what do you think is likely the cause?Answer →
  228. 228An ER nurse is caring for a patient who ingested a bottle of acetaminophen and trazodone. The patient states "I just wish to go to sleep and never wake up". Which of the following actions must the nurse prioritize.Answer →
  229. 229A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin 2 mg/kg PO every 8 hours to a client who weighs 160 lb. What is the dose the nurse should expect to administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)Answer →
  230. 230A nurse has accidentally punctured his finger with a needle he used to give an IM injection to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?Answer →
  231. 231The nurse is planning care for a client admitted with an acute exacerbation of lupus erythematous. For which laboratory test should the nurse anticipate an order to evaluate the client's inflammation?Answer →
  232. 232A client with a recent diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) expresses an interest in exploring alternative and complementary therapies. How should the nurse best respond?Answer →
  233. 233Which of the following diseases is associated with autoimmunity?Answer →
  234. 234Patient with HIV (CD4 60/uL) has fever/weight loss and a normal CXR. What is the next best test to evaluate for disseminated infection?Answer →
  235. 235A nurse is caring for a client who is brought into the emergency department immediately following a snake bite to his forearm. The client suspects the snake to be venomous. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take?Answer →
  236. 236The nurse is caring for a client with an open wound on the right thigh that is bleeding profusely. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?Answer →
  237. 237A nurse is providing care to clients from diverse family structures and sexual orientations. The nurse understands that individuals who identify as LGBTQIA+ may experience health disparities related to stigma and discrimination. Which of the following statements demonstrate accurate understanding of culturally competent care for LGBTQIA+ clients? Select all that apply.Answer →
  238. 238A nurse is teaching a client about primary syphilis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?Answer →
  239. 239A patient presents to the ED with angioedema and visible tongue swelling but oxygen saturation remains stable. What is the nurse's priority action?Answer →
  240. 240Review the electronic health record. Which 2 actions should the nurse prioritize in the care of this client? Select two actions.Answer →
  241. 241A 31-year-old male was diagnosed with genital herpes of the HSV-2 type 5 years ago. He is now broaching the subject with a woman he has recently formed a relationship with. Which of his statements is most accurate?Answer →
  242. 242The nurse explains human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to a client newly diagnosed with the condition. What is important for the nurse to tell the client?Answer →
  243. 243The nurse is determining client interventions. For each intervention, click to indicate whether the intervention is indicated or contraindicated. Each column must have at least one response option selected.Answer →
  244. 244A nurse is teaching a client who has genital herpes about physiologic effects of the infection. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the teaching has been effective?Answer →
  245. 245What is the clinical hallmark that often characterizes immunodeficiency disorders?Answer →
  246. 246A transplant recipient reports a new rash while on tacrolimus. Which is the most appropriate nursing action?Answer →
  247. 247Which client is at the greatest risk of a nosocomial infection?Answer →
  248. 248The patient suited to receive penicillin G potassium has what?Answer →
  249. 249The nurse understands that a patient with an allergy to sulfonamides may also have a hypersensitivity reaction to what other drugs? (Select all that apply.)Answer →
  250. 250Which of the following statements best differentiates between primary and secondary immunodeficiency disorders?Answer →
  251. 251A nurse is caring for a client who is the caregiver for a relative who has a chronic disease. Which of the following statements indicates the client is adapting to the role change?Answer →
  252. 252A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) reports new onset frothy urine and periorbital edema. Which laboratory finding is most concerning?Answer →
  253. 253What is the primary nursing goal when administering immunosuppressants to a transplant patient?Answer →
  254. 254The nurse is teaching the client newly diagnosed with HIV about treatment and the plan of care. Which element is essential for the nurse to include in the teaching plan to assess immune function and level of HIV infection?Answer →
  255. 255A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine 30 mg intramuscular (IM) STAT to a client who is having an allergic reaction. The medication is available as diphenhydramine 50 mg/1 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)Answer →
  256. 256The nurse is caring for a client with cardiogenic shock. Which information obtained by the nurse would best suggest the patient is developing multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?Answer →
  257. 257A nurse is caring for a female client in an outpatient clinic. Which of the following actions by the client increases the risk of bacterial vaginosis?Answer →
  258. 258A nurse is teaching a client who has HIV about infection prevention. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid contact with which of the following items?Answer →
  259. 259A nurse is planning the care of a client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) who is admitted to the unit with pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). Which nursing problem has the highest priority for this client?Answer →
  260. 260After teaching a client how to self-administer epinephrine, the nurse determines that the teaching plan has been successful when the client demonstrates which action?Answer →
  261. 261A patient with lupus on corticosteroids develops fever and hypotension. Which factors increase risk of severe infection? Select all that apply.Answer →
  262. 262A hospital nurse has experienced a percutaneous exposure to a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patient's blood as a result of a needlestick injury. The nurse has informed the supervisor and identified the patient. What action should the nurse take next?Answer →
  263. 263A patient with SLE taking prednisone reports fever and productive cough. What is the priority nursing action?Answer →
  264. 264A client experiencing anaphylactic shock presents with hypotension, tachycardia, wheezing, and severe facial swelling. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?Answer →
  265. 265The nurse is caring for a client in the emergency room who has been diagnosed with shock. The client has a history of an abscessed tooth that has not yet been removed. Which type of shock does the nurse suspect?Answer →
  266. 266A nurse is assessing a client with a Stage 4 pressure injury over the sacrum. The wound shows exposed bone, purulent drainage, and a foul odor. The client's temperature is 101.8°F (38.8°C), and their heart rate is 112/min. The client reports increasing pain at the wound site. Based on these findings, which complication is the nurse most concerned about?Answer →
  267. 267A nurse is working with a teenager who has expressed suicidal thoughts. What is the FIRST action that the nurse should take according to suicide prevention protocols?Answer →
  268. 268A clinic nurse is caring for a patient admitted with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The nurse's assessment finds that the patient is experiencing a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are most likely related to the onset of what complication?Answer →
  269. 269A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of genital herpes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the need for further teaching?Answer →
  270. 270A patient with suspected shock has blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg, heart rate 118/min, respiratory rate 26/min, cool extremities, delayed capillary refill, and increasing anxiety. Which stage of shock is most likely?Answer →
  271. 271A patient is diagnosed with Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) at the clinic. Some types of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection cause warts, and some can cause different types of cancer. Which statement by the patient indicates effective teaching about treatment and prevention?Answer →
  272. 272A nurse is assessing a client suspected to be in the compensatory stage of shock. Which clinical finding best supports this stage of shock?Answer →
  273. 273Drag 1 condition and 1 client finding to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The client is at risk for developing CONDITION due to FINDINGAnswer →
  274. 274A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient who has just been diagnosed with a Chlamydia infection. Which statement indicates understanding?Answer →
  275. 275Which of the following best defines the concept of alloimmunity?Answer →
  276. 276A patient with advanced HIV develops white patches in the mouth that scrape off. What is the most likely diagnosis?Answer →
  277. 277The nurse assesses a client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) who started antiretroviral therapy three months ago. What finding requires immediate follow-up by the nurse?Answer →
  278. 278Why is regular psychosocial support crucial for clients with HIV?Answer →
  279. 279A nurse is reinforcing teaching about preventing disease transmission with the parents of a child who has a streptococcal infection. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?Answer →
  280. 280A nurse in the emergency department is caring for a client who was exposed to hepatitis C through a needlestick injury. The client's bloodwork does not currently show a hepatitis C infection. What action should the nurse take?Answer →
  281. 281A nurse is educating a patient with HIV about preventing transmission. Which statement indicates understanding?Answer →
  282. 282A client with a peanut allergy arrives at the emergency department after accidentally ingesting peanut oil. What finding should the nurse identify as most concerning?Answer →
  283. 283A patient with lupus on corticosteroids develops fever and hypotension. Which factors increase risk of severe infection? Select all that apply.Answer →
  284. 284A patient with lupus reports confusion and severe headache. What is the priority concern?Answer →
  285. 285"Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease. This means your body produces [blank1] against self-antigens, which leads to [blank2]. There is no cure for SLE. The drug therapy will help to [blank3] the disease progression and prevent further damage."Answer →
  286. 286Which reaction does the nurse understands may be a spiritual manifestation after loss?Answer →
  287. 287A patient with septic shock has an increasing lactate despite oxygen supplementation and fluid resuscitation. Which explanation is most accurate?Answer →
  288. 288A patient presents with a rash, facial edema, and eosinophilia after starting a new medication. Which diagnostic test would be most appropriate to assess for DRESS (Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) syndrome?Answer →
  289. 289A client with hepatitis B asks the nurse, "How did I get this hepatitis?" The nurse responds that the mode of transmission is predominantly by:Answer →
  290. 290A nurse is preparing to care for multiple clients with different infection precautions: one client on contact isolation for a draining wound, another on droplet isolation for pneumonia, and a third on airborne isolation for tuberculosis. Which of the following personal protective equipment (PPE) choices are appropriate for the nurse to use with these clients? (Select all that apply.)Answer →
  291. 291What type of immunity does a person gain when they are sick with the measles?Answer →
  292. 292Which infection must be reported in New York State per DOH regulations?Answer →
  293. 293The nurse instructs a patient taking which antibiotic(s) to wear sunscreen and a hat and to avoid the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM? (Select all that apply.)Answer →
  294. 294The nurse is caring for a client with a central venous access device (CVAD). Which action is most important to prevent a catheter-related bloodstream infection?Answer →
  295. 295In clients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), why is routine monitoring of blood pressure and renal function crucial?Answer →
  296. 296Secondary syphilis manifestation?Answer →
  297. 297The nurse receives report on several clients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) at the clinic. What client should the nurse identify as most likely experiencing an opportunistic infection related to HIV?Answer →
  298. 298Which client on the medical surgical unit is at highest risk for developing septic shock?Answer →